Cervical biopsy: fundamentals, techniques, and relevance in screening and early diagnosis of cervical cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/2237-4574-2024820019Keywords:
cancer, cervix, biopsyAbstract
Cervical cancer is a prevalent disease with a significant impact on public health globally, especially in low- and middleincome countries, where the majority of related deaths occur. Cervical biopsy stands out as an effective method for early
diagnosis of this disease, allowing for the identification of precursor and invasive lesions, thus enabling timely interventions.
Different techniques can be used, such as the biopsy with a punch forceps and the rotary curette of Baliu, which have distinct
characteristics in terms of depth of the tissue sample, precision, and bleeding, with the choice depending on the clinical case
and the experience of the colposcopist. Cone resections of the cervix (LEEP and conization) and curettage of the canal are
also considered biopsy procedures, as they can also provide a diagnosis when indicated. In Brazil, the persistence of high
morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer underscores the need for more effective screening strategies and expanded access
to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, highlighting the role of biopsy in managing cases.
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