HPV vaccine: benefits of vaccinating women treated for cervical intraepithelial lesions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/2237-4574-2024810006Keywords:
human papillomavirus viruses, imiquimod, tratementAbstract
Since 2006, the bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines have been introduced in Brazil, initially for women up to 26 years old, but now approved for both sexes from 9 to 43 years old. Studies have shown their effectiveness in mature women and investigated the benefits of vaccination in patients with previous lesions, such as high-grade squamous intracpithelial lesions treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). A 2018 study evidenced an 81.2% reduction in recurrences among vaccinated women after 30 days of LEEP. Another study revealed a decrease in recurrences for vaccinated women after three months of treatment. In 2020, research in The Lancet with over 21,000 women indicated a 59% decrease in the risk of new cervical lesions after vaccination, regardless of the HPV type. The hypothesis suggests that vaccination blocks the infection of new cells adjacent to the lesions, preventing the acquisition of new HPV types. Vaccination is beneficial for women of all ages with cervical lesions, and it is recommended to start as soon as possible after diagnosis, along with the indicated treatment. These results underscore the importance of vaccination in preventing recurrences and controlling cervical lesions.
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